The Quality Of Wheat Grain Of Different Varieties, Depending On The Infection By Granary Weevil (sitophilus Granarius L.)
Abstract
N. O. Yashchuk, L. M. Matseiko, A. V. Bober
We considered the influence of varietal features of wheat grain on the degree of its infection by granary weevil and the change of quality indices grain of crop at the pest infestation. We stidued the samples of grain of winter wheat of soft varieties of Oriyka, Zluka, Forest song and spring durum Kharkovskaya 27 variety. Our study consisted in determining the technological and sowing parameters of wheat grains of different varieties after the 1 month of storage (after passing the post-harvest ripening) and after 12 months of storage (after infection of grain by granary weevil). After passing the post-harvest ripening, the wheat grain of all studied varieties was suitable for technological, seed and fodder purposes and grain Kharkovskaya 27 for the food purposes. After 12 months of storage, the most populated barn weevil was wheat grain of winter soft variety Forest song (more than 3000 pieces in one kilogram in obvious form and 34 % in hidden form). The least infected was grain of spring wheat durum Kharkovskaya 27 (about 500 pieces in one kilogram). The difference in the infection of the wheat grain of the studied varieties is explained by the different hardness of the grain. After 12 months of storage, the population with a granary weevil of wheat grains of all studied varieties promoted an increase in the moisture content and content of foreign materials and carried out to decrease in the characteristics of grain-unit, energy of germination, germinating ability, content of protein and gluten.In the varieties of Oriyka, Zluka and Kharkovskaya 27 energy of germination and germinating ability decreased from 3 till 10 % compared to the initial indices. We observed the most significant decrease in the sowing indices in the variety of Forest song: by 58% less than the initial value of the energy of germination and by 51 % less than germinating ability. We concluded that the wheat grain of the spring durum Kharkovskaya 27 was the most resistant to infection of granary weevil and the preservation of technological quality indicators was.
<