Soil Algae Of Blade Of Coil In Donetsk Region
Abstract
I. ÃÂ. Maltseva, N. I. Chayka
On territory of Donbass for more than 200 years the underground coal mining has produced, accompanied by the formation of the mine dumps. Finding ways to reduce their negative impact on the environment should be based on their comprehensive study. The soil algae are active participants in the syngenetic processes in industrial dumps of different origin. The purpose of this paper is to identify the species composition and dominant algae groups in dump mine SH/U5 “Western” in the western part of Donetsk. The test blade is covered with vegetation to the middle from all sides, and on the north side of 20-25 m to the top. The vegetation cover of the lower and middle tiers of all the exposures range in 70-80%. Projective vegetation cover of upper tiers of the northern, north-eastern and north-western exposures are in the range of 20-40%, other – 5-10%. We revealed some 38 algae species as a result of our research in southern, northern, western, and eastern slopes of the blade “Western”. The highest species diversity has Chlorophyta - 14 species (36.8% of the total number of species), then Cyanophyta - 9 (23,7%), Bacillariophyta - 7 (18,4%), Xantophyta - 5 (13.2%), and Eustigmatophyta - 3 (7.9%). The dominants are represented by Hantzschia amphyoxys (Ehrenberg) Grunow in Cleve et Grunow, Bracteacoccus aerius, Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kützing) Silva et al., Phormidium autumnale, Pinnularia borealis Ehrenberg, Planothidium lanceolatum (Brebisson in Kützing) Bukhtiyarova, Xanthonema exile (Klebs) Silva. It should be noted that the species composition of algae groups in different slopes of the blade was significantly different. Jacquard coefficient was calculated for algae communities varied in the range of 15,4-39,1%. The smallest number of algae species was observed on the southern slope of the blade (14 species), maximum was registered in the areas of north and west slopes. Differences in the species composition of algae were also observed in three tiers of the investigated blade. Algae groups of the upper tier have 4-5 species from Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta. Typical representatives were Hantzschia amphyoxys, Klebsormidium flaccidum, Bracteacoccus spp. Algae groups of the middle and lower tiers combined great number of species (7-16) from different compartments. The algae communities of the lower tier blade had the highest species diversity.
<