Effect of various agriculture systems on pest entomofauna diversity
Abstract
W. T. Sabluk, V. M Sinchenko, O. M. Grischenko*, M. Ya. Gumentyk and A. V. Fedorenko
Aim. To investigate the ecological and biological aspects of the formation of entomophauna in agrocenoses of sugar beets, winter wheat, peas, and soybeans according to organic, industrial, and No-till systems. Results. We established that farming systems significantly affect the formation of harmful and useful entomophauna in agrocenoses. In particular, under the organic system, the density of the carabidae population was 1.7–2.7 times higher than in industrial and 3.5 times higher than the No-till system. The number of Coccinellidae larvae and imago under the organic farming system exceeded these figures by 8.3 times compared to industrial. Accordingly, the presence in agrocenoses of useful entomophauna affected the number of certain phytophagous. In particular, the population density of the common beet weevil (Bothynoderes punctiventris Germ.) and beet leaf weevil (Tanymecus palliatus F.) in sugar beet crops under the organic system was 2.2–4.2 times lower compared to the industrial one. This also applies to pests such as bug, sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps Put.), and wheat grain beetle (Anisoplia austriaca Herbst.) in winter wheat crops, the number of which under the organic system was 1.2–2.5 times less than in industrial. Conclusions. Preservation of useful entomofauna in agrocenoses in the absence of the use of means of protection of chemization of the outfit in compliance with the alternation of crops in crop rotation, high-quality tillage, and other agrotechnical measures contributes to the restoration of natural self-regulation of insect groups, which is the basis for effective control of the number of phytophagous in crops.