Effect of morphological and biochemical blood composition on milk yield in Simmental breed cows of different production types
Abstract
N.P. Mazur, V.V. Fedorovych, E.I. Fedorovych, O.V. Fedorovych, P.V. Bodnar, B.V. Gutyj*, M.I. Kuziv, N.M. Kuziv, T.V. Orikhivskyi, O.S. Grabovska, H.H. Denys, N.P. Stakhiv, V.Yu. Hudyma and N.I. Pakholkiv
We studied the blood morphological and biochemical parameters of mature cows of different production types of Simmental breed at 2–3, 5–6, and 8–9 months of lactation and relation of these parameters with milk yields. We found that morphological and biochemical parameters of blood in cows depended on lactation period. We marked the highest level of hemoglobin content, red blood cells, content of glucose, total protein, albumins, α- and β-globulins, albumin-globulin ratio, and the highest levels of aspartate aminotransferase activity and alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) at the beginning of lactation period (2-3 month), that is period with pronounced milk yield. We also registered the differences in blood morphology and biochemistry in animals of different production types. Cows of the dairy-meat production type had the highest red blood cells number, hemoglobin content, total protein, albumins and coefficient of albumin-globulin ratio; the cows of dairy productive type had the highest globulins and α- and γ-globulins content, whereas the cows of the meat-dairy production type had the highest β-globulins, glucose content, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities. These specific intertypical traits in the morphological and biochemical blood composition indicate the higher intensity of oxidative and metabolic processes in the body of animals of combined production type. We did not observe the significant differences between calcium and phosphorus content in the blood. We revealed the highest correlation between calcium and milk content in the blood for cows of meat-dairy production type (r = 0.234), and between the phosphorus content in cows of dairy-meat productive type (r = 0.256). We concluded this indicated the higest level of transformation of calcium and phosphorus from blood into the milk in cows of these production types. We revealed that all groups of animals have the high positive correlation between daily yield and blood hemoglobin content (r = 0.501–0.572), glucose (r = 0.368–0.495), alkaline phosphatase activity (r = 0.439–0.520) and strong negative correlation between daily yield and γ-globulins content (r = -0.365-0.625). The power of production type factor on the morphological and biochemical blood composition was higher (6.7–49.9%) compared to the power of lactation period factor (2.7–16.9%). We suggested that these factors mostly influenced the protein composition in blood serum and alkaline phosphatase activity.