Effect of herbicides and soil treatments on beet yield
Abstract
P.Bezvikonnyi*, R. Myalkovsky, O. Gorash and Yu. Potapsky
Purpose. The purpose of the research was to establish the possibility of expanding beardbeardless tillage in the cultivation of beets by combining them with soil herbicides in the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field, analytical and statistical.
Results. We found that the use of herbicides before sowing beets reduced the number of weeds by 4.5-7 times compared to the herbicide-free background. Thus, the use of soil herbicide Goldix on the background of plowing helped to reduce weeds before harvest, while the number of weeds was 4.8 pcs/m2 when using beardless cultivation KLD-2.0 - 5.3 pcs/m2, and when disking BDP-6.3 - 14.1 pcs m2. The highest indicators of potential photosynthetic formation of beet plants variety Bikores were observed during the period of intensive growth (20.07) on variants with the application of pre-germinating herbicides Gladiator and Goldix in combination with plowing PLN 5-35 to a depth of 20-22 cm. They were 1.84 and 1.98 million m2/ha, respectively. Among the systems of basic tillage, the best were the variants with plowing PLN 5-35 to a depth of 20-22 cm and flat-cut tillage KLD-2.0 to a depth of 14-16 cm. Gladiator (5.0-6.0 l/ha) and Goldix (6.0 l/ha) were the most effective soil herbicides of the proposed herbicides, which provide root crop yields at the level of 63.9–64.5 t/ha. The highest content of dry matter in the roots of beets was observed when using the agent Goldix on the background of plowing (PLN 5-35 to a depth of 20-22 cm) and the background of flat-cut tillage (KLD-2.0 to a depth of 14-16 cm) - 11.7%, and 11.8%, respectively. The highest betanin content in the roots was observed in the variant when using the agent Goldix on the background of plowing to a depth of 20-22 cm - 265.1 mg/100 g of raw weight. In the herbicides Gladiator and Dual Gold applications, the betanin content ranged from 234.9 to 257.4 mg/100 g of raw weight.
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