Effect Of Biologicall Active Preparations On Growth, Resistance, And Chlorophyll Content Of Garden Cosmos In South Yakutia
Abstract
N.V. Zaytseva
We represented the effects of biologically active preparations (BAP), which were extracted from South Yakutia plants by the author's technology. The substances were tested in the open ground in Neryungri town (South Yakutia) on Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. The proposed method of obtaining BAS is aims to increase content in plant raw materials of physiologically active compounds through processes of gradual fermentation without rapid gas allocation. This effect was achieved through periodic short-term heat extraction system to 70 °С (Patent RU 2607013). Some four substances were obtained and applied in our research communities. "Composition 1" is the mix of Melilotus officinalis L. and Melilotus albus Medikus.; "Composition 2" - the mix of Oberna behen L., Sanguisorba officinalis L., Plantago major L.; "Composition 3" - the mix of Ribes fragrans Pall., Ledum palustre L., Artemisia lagocefala (Bess.) DC; "Composition 4" - the mix of meadow’s plants (Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop., Trifolium pratense L., Tanacetum vulgare L., Rubus idaeus L., Artemisia vulgaris L., Artemisia integrifolia L., Equisetum arvense L., Galium album Mill.). We got the working solutions from these compositions by method of decimal dilutions and dynamization. We applied BAS solutions for the of Cosmos bipinnatus seeds pre-soaking. The application of compositions 1-4 contributed to the increase in number of plants on plots at 10-24% compared with the control variant. Most significant growth stimulating activity was observed in the case of "Composition 1" using. For this variant noted the greatest plant height, maximum number of leaves on 1 plant, the maximum value of the indicators "Area of the leaf surface of the plant 1" and "Leaf Area of all plants in 1 plot". Analysis of the photosynthetic apparatus properties shows significant increase chlorophylls "a", "b", and carotenoids in the tissues of treated plants, excepting the variant with application of "Composition 3". The maximum number of pigments ware observed in plants treated by Compositions 4 and 2. Under the influence of the studied treatments of BAP increased the resistance of plant tissues to the frost. The destructions after autumn frost in the control plants ware in averaged 46.2 %; but in plants, treated with preparations "Composition 2" and " Composition 3", was destructed only 32-36% tissues from the whole plant. The smallest damage, at the level of 10.5%, registered for plants, which treated with "Composition 4". The reason for the increase of plant stability, in our opinion, is in a high concentration of sugars in cellular juice and increase of content of yellow pigments in the tissues.
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