Comparative modern features of the development, reproduction and spread of pathogens of viral diseases of flora and fauna
Abstract
M.M. Dolya, D.V. Sakhnenko*, R.M. Mamchur, S.V. Stankevych, I.V. Zabrodina, L.V. Nemeryts’ka, I.A. Zhuravs’ka and N.I. Hellaf
In modern conditions of growing crops, the control of vectors of viral and phytoplasmic plant diseases with resource-saving nutrition systems, as well as progressive moisture-saving tillage, is of paramount importance. In particular, the control of seasonal and long-term dynamics of the number of insects-phytophages, ticks, as well as other carriers of pathogens of viral diseases, which in recent years have significantly reduced the yield of varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops and caused significant economic damage. At the same time, the systemic management of cenoses, as well as the control of a complex of harmful species-phytophages, according to the stages of organogenesis should be an integral part of a high-quality technological process of agricultural production. A comprehensive solution to this problem with the determination of the causes and consequences of the development, reproduction, survival and spread of viroses and phytoplasmoses in the forms of formation of agrocenoses is the basis for maintaining the ecological and phytosanitary situation of lands using biologically oriented technologies for growing grain and other crops. High-quality monitoring and control of the complex of virus vectors with optimization of the three links of the farming system is essential: soil cultivation, crop fertilization, plant protection, as well as short-rotation crop rotations, healthy seeds and highly efficient aggregates. This indicates the importance of modern scientific substantiation of technologies for growing field crops, as the basis for high-quality grain production according to biological laws with the control of common types of insects, mites, phytohelminths and other cenoses that breed in winter wheat, corn, sunflower crops. and other groups.
In 2006-2021, work was carried out to monitor quantitative and qualitative changes in the structures of carriers of cultivated plant viroses with the determination of mechanisms for self-regulation of agrocenoses and the development of resource-saving technologies for growing crops. The indicators of the formation of harmful species-phytophages that spread pathogens at the cellular level were determined and an analysis was made of the features of morpho-physiological changes in the growth and development of varieties and hybrids of field crops with an assessment of the relationship, as well as the effectiveness of measures to control viral diseases of both agricultural crops and individual animal species of the world based on the results of many years of research, a comparative assessment of the characteristics of biology, ecology, distribution of the virosis complex on plants and pathogens of viral diseases of the plant and animal world through migration cycles has been compiled.