Advances in fungi' classifications in 2007-2020
Abstract
Yu. Holiachuk* and H. Kosylovych
The classification, taxonomy, and phylogeny of fungi and fungus-like organisms are research areas with rapid and significant progress over the past few decades. Until the 90s of the last century, all fungi and fungus-like organisms belonged to one division (kingdom) Fungi, consisting of three classes of lower fungi and three classes of higher fungi. The rapid development of sciences, especially methods and potentialities of molecular biology and biochemistry, led to the cardinal revision of relationships and phylogeny division Fungi members. The distribution of Fungi's members in three kingdoms (Fungi, Protozoa, and Chromista) resulted from many studies. The fungi's taxonomy began to be widely used such taxa as subkingdom, phylum, subphylum. Moreover, in 2007 Hibbett et al. (2007) proposed the classification of kingdom Fungi which consisted of seven phyla and four subphyla incertae sedis (phylum not assigned). Subsequent studies of scientists from all over the world led to significant enlargement of the proposed classification. Last classifications of kingdom Fungi presents high-level systems, consisting of eighteen phyla and seventy six classes by Tedersoo et al. (2018) or nineteen phyla and seventy seventy-nine classes by Wijayawardene et al. (2020). In this article, we present an overview of the last existing classifications of kingdom Fungi, proposed by Hibbett et al. (2007), by Tedersoo et al. (2018), and by Wijayawardene et al. (2020).